posted on 2015-11-02, 00:00authored byJan Florián, Craig C. McLauchlan, Daniel S. Kissel, Chad C. Eichman, Albert W. Herlinger
The
synthesis of N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N′-diacetic
acid (H2bpcd) and its complexation of Ga(III) and Co(III)
are reported. H2bpcd and the metal–bpcd2– complexes, isolated as hexafluorophosphate salts, were characterized
by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. [Ga(bpcd)]PF6, [Ga(C22H26N4O4)]PF6, crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Ibca, with a = 13.8975(7) Å, b = 15.0872(7) Å, c = 22.2418(10) Å, and Z = 8. Ga is coordinated in a distorted octahedral geometry
provided by a N4O2 donor atom set with trans-monodentate acetate groups and cis-2-pyridylmethyl N atoms, i.e., the trans-O,O isomer.
The diamagnetic [Co(bpcd)]PF6, [Co(C22H26N4O4)]PF6, also crystallized
from solution in the Ibca space group as the trans-O,O isomer. The 1H and 13C assignments
for H2bpcd and metal–bpcd2– complexes
were made on the basis of 2D COSY and HSQC experiments, which were
used to differentiate among three possible isomers, i.e., one cis
(C1 symmetry) and two trans (C2 symmetry). NMR results indicate that the [Ga(bpcd)]+, [Co(bpcd)]+, and cis-O,O, cis-Npy,Npy-[Ga(bppd)]+ cations, where bppd2– stands for bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropane
diacetate, are present in solution as isomers with the same symmetry
as observed in the solid state. The crystallographic data and the
dramatic shift that occurs in the position of the cis/trans isomerization
equilibria for the [Ga(bpad)]+ cations simply by increasing
the number of bridging CH2 groups in the ligand’s
diamine backbone represent a unique opportunity to assess the accuracy
of modern computational methods. The performance of several local
density functionals using a pseudopotential-based SDD basis set was
compared with the more rigorous HF and MP2 ab initio calculations.
The SVWN5 and SV5LYP functionals provide significantly better Ga–O
and Ga–N distances than the HF method or the nonlocal BLYP
functional. However, to provide proper isomerization energies the
pseudopotential-DFT calculations must be augmented by MP2 single-point
energies and calculations of solvation free energies.