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Different Arsenate and Phosphate Incorporation Effects on the Nucleation and Growth of Iron(III) (Hydr)oxides on Quartz
journal contribution
posted on 2014-10-21, 00:00 authored by Chelsea
W. Neil, Byeongdu Lee, Young-Shin JunIron(III) (hydr)oxides
play an important role in the geochemical
cycling of contaminants in natural and engineered aquatic systems.
The ability of iron(III) (hydr)oxides to immobilize contaminants can
be related to whether the precipitates form heterogeneously (e.g.,
at mineral surfaces) or homogeneously in solution. Utilizing grazing
incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), we studied heterogeneous
iron(III) (hydr)oxide nucleation and growth on quartz substrates for
systems containing arsenate and phosphate anions. For the iron(III)
only system, the radius of gyration (Rg) of heterogeneously formed precipitates grew from 1.5 to 2.5 (±1.0)
nm within 1 h. For the system containing 10–5 M
arsenate, Rg grew from 3.6 to 6.1 (±0.5)
nm, and for the system containing 10–5 M phosphate, Rg grew from 2.0 to 4.0 (±0.2) nm. While
the systems containing these oxyanions had more growth, the system
containing only iron(III) had the most nucleation events on substrates.
Ex situ analyses of homogeneously and heterogeneously formed precipitates
indicated that precipitates in the arsenate system had the highest
water content and that oxyanions may bridge iron(III) hydroxide polymeric
embryos to form a structure similar to ferric arsenate or ferric phosphate.
These new findings are important because differences in nucleation
and growth rates and particle sizes will impact the number of available
reactive sites and the reactivity of newly formed particles toward
aqueous contaminants.
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Rggrowth ratesferric arsenateGISAXSprecipitates form heterogeneouslyDifferent Arsenatehydrnucleation eventsreactive sitesmineral surfacesphosphate anionsferric phosphateimmobilize contaminantsarsenate systemwater contentPhosphate Incorporation Effectsgeochemical cyclingquartz substrates1 hparticle sizesnm
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