am4046316_si_001.pdf (1.33 MB)
Adhesion and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Pulp on Porous Silicon Scaffolds
journal contribution
posted on 2014-02-12, 00:00 authored by Pierre-Yves Collart-Dutilleul, Emilie Secret, Ivan Panayotov, Dominique Deville
de Périère, Raúl J. Martín-Palma, Vicente Torres-Costa, Marta Martin, Csilla Gergely, Jean-Olivier Durand, Frédérique Cunin, Frédéric J. CuisinierIn
regenerative medicine, stem-cell-based therapy often requires a scaffold
to deliver cells and/or growth factors to the injured site. Porous
silicon (pSi) is a promising biomaterial for tissue engineering as
it is both nontoxic and bioresorbable. Moreover, surface modification
can offer control over the degradation rate of pSi and can also promote
cell adhesion. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are pluripotent mesenchymal
stem cells found within the teeth and constitute a readily source
of stem cells. Thus, coupling the good proliferation and differentiation
capacities of DPSC with the textural and chemical properties of the
pSi substrates provides an interesting approach for therapeutic use.
In this study, the behavior of human DPSC is analyzed on pSi substrates
presenting pores of various sizes, 10 ± 2 nm, 36 ± 4 nm,
and 1.0 ± 0.1 μm, and undergoing different chemical treatments,
thermal oxidation, silanization with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),
and hydrosilylation with undecenoic acid or semicarbazide. DPSC adhesion
and proliferation were followed for up to 72 h by fluorescence microscopy,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), enzymatic activity assay, and
BrdU assay for mitotic activity. Porous silicon with 36 nm pore size
was found to offer the best adhesion and the fastest growth rate for
DPSC compared to pSi comporting smaller pore size (10 nm) or larger
pore size (1 μm), especially after silanization with APTES.
Hydrosilylation with semicarbazide favored cell adhesion and proliferation,
especially mitosis after cell adhesion, but such chemical modification
has been found to led to a scaffold that is stable for only 24–48
h in culture medium. Thus, semicarbazide-treated pSi appeared to be
an appropriate scaffold for stem cell adhesion and immediate in vivo
transplantation, whereas APTES-treated pSi was found to be more suitable
for long-term in vitro culture, for stem cell proliferation and differentiation.