(−)-Epicatechin Solubility in Aqueous Mixtures
of Eutectic Solvents and Their Constituents
Posted on 2024-10-31 - 06:43
(−)-Epicatechin
is a polyphenol present in diverse natural
sources. It shows positive human health effects, which makes it interesting
for the pharmaceutical and food industries. Conventional solvents
used for polyphenol extraction are mostly toxic and flammable, leaving
unwanted impurities in the final product. Thus, solubility of (−)-epicatechin
at 101.3 kPa and 293.15, 303.15, and 313.15 K was experimentally measured
in water and binary systems composed of 25 wt % of water + 1,3-propanediol
(13PD), glycerol (Gly), and two deep eutectic solvents based on choline
chloride as hydrogen-bond acceptor and the previous polyols as hydrogen-bond
donors (DES1 and DES2). Solubility results in water were obtained
using spectrophotometric and gravimetric methodologies. Overall, (−)-epicatechin
solubility varies widely among the studied solvents but only slightly
within the experimental temperature range. Solvents in ascending order
according to (−)-epicatechin solubility are water < Gly
+ water < 13PD + water < DES2 + water < DES1 + water. The
solubility of (−)-epicatechin is significantly enhanced by
introducing choline chloride into the investigated hydrogen-bond donors
(HBDs) at a molar ratio of 1:3, accompanied by 25 wt % water. Perturbed-chain
statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) solubility calculations
were in quantitative agreement with experimental data.
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Bastias-Barra, Arturo
I.; Gajardo-Parra, Nicolás F.; Cea-Klapp, Esteban; Arroyo-Avirama, Andrés F.; Garrido, José Matías; Held, Christoph; et al. (2024). (−)-Epicatechin Solubility in Aqueous Mixtures
of Eutectic Solvents and Their Constituents. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00448