Small Change, Big Impact: The Shape of Precursor Polymers
Governs Poly‑p‑phenylene Synthesis
Version 3 2019-07-24, 09:43
Version 2 2019-06-25, 15:07
Version 1 2019-06-14, 13:36
Posted on 2019-07-24 - 09:43
The
synthesis of unsubstituted, structurally perfect poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) has remained elusive for many decades.
By modifying our previously reported precursor route towards PPP,
we were able to simplify and optimize the precursor polymer synthesis
and yields, the thermal conversion process to PPP, and the resulting
material properties. We describe the synthesis of unprecedented anti-dialkoxycyclohexadienylenes, polymerized via Suzuki
coupling to yield linear PPP precursor polymers. Changing the geometry
and overall shape of the precursor viz upon going from syn- to anti-configuration
of the monomer has two important consequences: (i) formation of the
precursor polymer becomes more selective since cyclization of the
monomer is no longer possible and (ii) the precursor polymer adopts
a “stretched” geometry and becomes more similar to the
rigid-rod of PPP, impacting the aromatization process and material
properties. Films of the precursor polymers are thermally aromatized
via dealkoxylation to yield structurally perfect and highly ordered,
insoluble PPP. Long-range ordering within the thin films, not observed
for its syn-analog, is induced as evidenced by atomic force microscopy,
X-ray scattering, and IR and UV–vis/photoluminescence spectroscopy.
The aromatization temperature, now feasible for fabrication of plastic
devices, is significantly lowered from previously reported 300 °C
to below 250 °C. The kinetics of the aromatization process were
monitored via time-dependent IR measurements at different annealing
temperatures, showing much faster quantitative aromatization for thin
layers.
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Abdulkarim, Ali; Strunk, Karl-Philipp; Bäuerle, Rainer; Beck, Sebastian; Makowska, Hanna; Marszalek, Tomasz; et al. (2019). Small Change, Big Impact: The Shape of Precursor Polymers
Governs Poly‑p‑phenylene Synthesis. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00792
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AUTHORS (12)
AA
Ali Abdulkarim
KS
Karl-Philipp Strunk
RB
Rainer Bäuerle
SB
Sebastian Beck
HM
Hanna Makowska
TM
Tomasz Marszalek
AP
Annemarie Pucci
CM
Christian Melzer
DJ
Daniel Jänsch
JF
Jan Freudenberg
UH
Uwe H. F. Bunz
KM
Klaus Müllen