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Robust,
readily scalable, high-flux graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix composite
membranes were developed for organic solvent nanofiltration. Hydroxylated
polybenzimidazole was synthesized by N-benzylation
of polybenzimidazole with 4-(chloromethyl)benzyl alcohol, which was
confirmed by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. Flat-sheet composite membranes
comprising of polybenzimidazoles and 1 or 2 wt % GO were fabricated
via conventional blade coating and phase inversion. Subsequently,
GO was covalently anchored to the hydroxyl groups of the polymer using
a diisocyanate cross-linking agent. The even distribution of GO in
the membranes was mapped by visible-light microscopy. Hydroxylation
and incorporation of GO in the polymer matrix increased the permeance
up to 45.2 ± 1.6 L m–2 h–1 bar–1 in acetone, nearly 5 times higher than the
unmodified benchmark membrane. The enhancement in permeance from the
addition of GO did not compromise the solute rejection. The composite
membranes were found to be tight in seven organic solvents, having
molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) as low as 140 g mol–1. Permeance increased with increasing solvent polarity, while rejection
of a 420 g mol–1 pharmaceutical remained over 93%.
The covalent anchoring resulted in robust composite membranes that
maintained constant performance over 14 days in a continuous cross-flow
configuration.
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Fei, Fan; Cseri, Levente; Szekely, Gyorgy; Blanford, Christopher F. (2018). Robust
Covalently Cross-linked Polybenzimidazole/Graphene
Oxide Membranes for High-Flux Organic Solvent Nanofiltration. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b03591