Gold–Silver Bimetallic Nanoparticles Reduced
with Herbal Leaf Extracts Induce ROS-Mediated Death in Both Promastigote
and Amastigote Stages of Leishmania donovani
Posted on 2020-06-24 - 14:03
Resistance
to antileishmanial drugs such as sodium stibogluconate
(SSG), amphotericin B (Amp-B), and miltefosine is on the rise, and
alternate strategies for effective treatment have gained importance
in recent years. Although nanoparticle (NP)-based composite drugs
that have emerged recently have been found to be effective, the associated
toxicity limits their usage. Bimetallic NPs produced through reduction
with medicinal plant extracts are proposed to overcome the toxicity
of the NPs. In the present study, three types of gold–silver
bimetallic nanoparticles (Au–Ag BNPs) were synthesized through
a single-step reduction process using fenugreek, coriander, and soybean
leaf extracts. All of the three types of BNPs exhibited high antileishmanial
effects against promastigotes with half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the range of 0.03–0.035 μg/mL. The
IC50 values of the BNPs are much lower compared to those
of miltefosine (IC50 = 10 μg/mL). The synthesized
BNPs induced the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis-like
death in the promastigotes and could potentiate the antileishmanial
activity of macrophages. The intracellular amastigotes were reduced
by 31–46% in macrophages. The biogenic BNPs synthesized in
this study and their potent antileishmanial activity provide further
impetus to the ongoing quest for novel drugs to effectively manage
leishmaniasis.
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Alti, Dayakar; Veeramohan Rao, M.; Rao, D. Narayana; Maurya, Radheshyam; Kalangi, Suresh K. (2020). Gold–Silver Bimetallic Nanoparticles Reduced
with Herbal Leaf Extracts Induce ROS-Mediated Death in Both Promastigote
and Amastigote Stages of Leishmania donovani. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c02032