Crystallization-Induced Fouling during Boiling: Formation
Mechanisms to Mitigation Approaches
Version 2 2017-10-23, 22:18
Version 1 2017-10-19, 15:05
Posted on 2017-10-23 - 22:18
Boiling is significantly
altered by the presence of dissolved salts.
In particular, salts whose solubility decreases with temperature have
the tendency to crystallize and adhere to the heat transfer surface
and adversely affect the thermal performance. Scaling due to the precipitation
of such salts poses serious operational and safety challenges in several
practical applications, including heat exchangers, pipelines, and
desalination. Here, we study the effect of dissolved salts on the
dynamics of pool boiling and its impact on the heat transfer coefficient
and critical heat flux (CHF). We find that even undersaturated conditions
can lead to crystallization and scale buildup on the boiling surface
and dramatically lower heat transfer performance. For example, the
CHF for a salt solution that is 75% of the saturation concentration
is found to be at least 2 times lower than that for deionized water.
Using simultaneous high-speed optical and infrared imaging, we determine
the interdependence between crystallization-induced scale formation
and bubble evolution dynamics, including bubble nucleation, growth,
and departure. We find that salt crystallizes in a “coffee-ring”
pattern due to evaporation at the contact line of the bubble. On the
basis of the role of the microlayer and triple contact line on scale
formation, we propose manipulating surface wettability as a means
to avoid scale formation and the associated decrease in the heat transfer
coefficient. Surfaces with hybrid wettability are demonstrated as
a means to mitigate the reduction in the heat transfer coefficient
and CHF in the presence of dissolved salts.
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Dash, Susmita; Rapoport, Leonid; Varanasi, Kripa K. (2017). Crystallization-Induced Fouling during Boiling: Formation
Mechanisms to Mitigation Approaches. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02936
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AUTHORS (3)
SD
Susmita Dash
LR
Leonid Rapoport
KV
Kripa K. Varanasi