Asymmetric Membrane Capacitive Deionization Using
Anion-Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternized Polymer Blends
Posted on 2020-06-17 - 20:14
Membrane capacitive
deionization (MCDI) for water desalination
is an innovative technique that could help to solve the global water
scarcity problem. However, the development of the MCDI field is hindered
by the limited choice of ion-exchange membranes. Desalination by MCDI
removes the salt (solute) from the water (solvent); this can drastically
reduce energy consumption compared to traditional desalination practices
such as distillation. Herein, we outline the fabrication and characterization
of quaternized anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) based on polymer blends
of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) that provides
an efficient membrane for MCDI. Flat sheet polymer membranes were
prepared by solution casting, heat treatment, and phase inversion,
followed by modification to impart anion-exchange character. Scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
were used to characterize the morphology and chemical composition
of the membranes. The as-prepared membranes displayed high ion-exchange
capacity (IEC), hydrophilicity, permselectivity and low area resistance.
Due to the addition of PEI, the high density of quaternary ammonium
groups increased the IEC and permselectivity of the membranes, while
reducing the area resistance relative to pristine PBI AEMs. Our PEI/PBI
membranes were successfully employed in asymmetric MCDI for brackish
water desalination and exhibited an increase in both salt adsorption
capacity (>3×) and charge efficiency (>2×) relative
to membrane-free
CDI. The use of quaternized polymer blend membranes could help to
achieve greater realization of industrial scale MCDI.
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McNair, Robert; Cseri, Levente; Szekely, Gyorgy; Dryfe, Robert (2020). Asymmetric Membrane Capacitive Deionization Using
Anion-Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternized Polymer Blends. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c00432