posted on 2023-03-06, 13:36authored byYe-Jin Kim, Yangjin Lee, WonJae Choi, Myeongjin Jang, Won-Woo Park, Kwanpyo Kim, Q-Han Park, Oh-Hoon Kwon
The shaping of matter into desired nanometric structures
with on-demand
functionalities can enhance the miniaturization of devices in nanotechnology.
Herein, strong light–matter interaction was used as an optical
lithographic tool to tailor two-dimensional (2D) matter into nanoscale
architectures. We transformed 2D black phosphorus (BP) into ultrafine,
well-defined, beyond-diffraction-limit nanostructures of ten times
smaller size and a hundred times smaller spacing than the incident,
femtosecond-pulsed light wavelength. Consequently, nanoribbons and
nanocubes/cuboids scaling tens of nanometers were formed by the structured
ablation along the extremely confined periodic light fields originating
from modulation instability, the tailoring process of which was visualized
in real time via light-coupled in situ transmission
electron microscopy. The current findings on the controllable nanoscale
shaping of BP will enable exotic physical phenomena and further advance
the optical lithographic techniques for 2D materials.