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Permeability Reduction Produced by Grain Reorganization and Accumulation of Exsolved CO2 during Geologic Carbon Sequestration: A New CO2 Trapping Mechanism
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posted on 2016-02-20, 02:53 authored by Andrew J. Luhmann, Xiang-Zhao Kong, Benjamin M. Tutolo, Kang Ding, Martin O. Saar, William E. SeyfriedCarbon sequestration experiments were conducted on uncemented
sediment
and lithified rock from the Eau Claire Formation, which consisted
primarily of K-feldspar and quartz. Cores were heated to accentuate
reactivity between fluid and mineral grains and to force CO2 exsolution. Measured permeability of one sediment core ultimately
reduced by 4 orders of magnitude as it was incrementally heated from
21 to 150 °C. Water-rock interaction produced some alteration,
yielding sub-μm clay precipitation on K-feldspar grains in the
core’s upstream end. Experimental results also revealed abundant
newly formed pore space in regions of the core, and in some cases
pores that were several times larger than the average grain size of
the sediment. These large pores likely formed from elevated localized
pressure caused by rapid CO2 exsolution within the core
and/or an accumulating CO2 phase capable of pushing out
surrounding sediment. CO2 filled the pores and blocked
flow pathways. Comparison with a similar experiment using a solid
arkose core indicates that CO2 accumulation and grain reorganization
mainly contributed to permeability reduction during the heated sediment
core experiment. This suggests that CO2 injection into
sediments may store more CO2 and cause additional permeability
reduction than is possible in lithified rock due to grain reorganization.
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CO 2 phaseCO 2 injectionEau Claire Formationpermeability reductionCO 2CO 2 accumulationgrain reorganizationCO 2 exsolutionforce CO 2 exsolutionporeNew CO 2 Trapping MechanismCarbon sequestration experimentsExsolved CO 2Geologic Carbon SequestrationPermeability Reduction Producedlithified rocksediment core experiment
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