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Download fileGeometrical Frustration and Defect Formation in Growth of Colloidal Nanoparticle Crystals on a Cylinder: Implications for Assembly of Chiral Nanomaterials
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posted on 2021-10-11, 19:38 authored by Nabila Tanjeem, William H. Wilkin, Daniel A. Beller, Chris H. Rycroft, Vinothan N. ManoharanUsing a combination of experiment
and simulation, we study how
two-dimensional (2D) crystals of colloidal nanoparticles grow on cylindrical
substrates. The cylindrical geometry allows us to examine growth in
the absence of Gaussian curvature but in the presence of a closure
constraintthe requirement that a crystal loops back onto itself.
In some cases, this constraint results in structures that have been
observed previously in theory and nonequilibrium packing experiments:
chiral crystals and crystals with linear defects known as “line
slips”. More generally, though, the structures we see differ
from those that have been observed: the line slips are kinked and
contain partial vacancies. We show that these structures arise because
the cylinder changes how the crystal grows. After a crystal wraps
around the cylinder and touches itself, it must grow preferentially
along the cylinder axis. As a result, crystals with a chiral line
slip tend to trap partial vacancies. Indeed, we find that line slips
that are less aligned with the cylinder axis incorporate more partial
vacancies on average than the ones that are more aligned. These results
show that crystal growth on a cylinder is frustrated by the closure
requirement, a finding that may shed some light on the assembly of
biological nanosystems such as tobacco mosaic virus and might inform
ways to fabricate chiral optical nanomaterials.
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tobacco mosaic virusnonequilibrium packing experimentsmight inform wayslinear defects knowncolloidal nanoparticles growchiral nanomaterials usingcrystal wraps aroundtrap partial vacanciescontain partial vacanciescolloidal nanoparticle crystalsclosure constraint cylinder axis incorporatepartial vacanciescylinder axisconstraint resultschiral crystalscrystal growssee differmay shedline slipsgeometrical frustrationgaussian curvaturedefect formationcylindrical substratescylinder changescrystal growthclosure requirementbiological nanosystems