In Vitro and In Vivo Behaviors of KinetiSol and Spray-Dried Amorphous Solid Dispersions of a Weakly Basic Drug and Ionic Polymer

Oral delivery of poorly water-soluble, weakly basic drugs may be problematic based on the drugs’ intrinsic properties. Many drugs in this subset have overcome barriers to delivery following successful formulation as amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). To process drugs as ASDs, multiple commercially relevant technologies have been developed and become well understood. However, ASD-producing technologies like spray drying and KinetiSol produce ASDs with vastly differing particle characteristics. Ultimately, the objective of this study was to assess whether processing an ASD of identical composition utilizing two different ASD-producing technologies (KinetiSol and spray drying) may impact the oral bioavailability of a weakly basic drug. For this study, we selected a weakly basic drug (Boehringer Ingelheim research compound 639667, BI 667) and processed it with an anionic polymer (hypromellose acetate succinate MMP grade (HPMCAS-MMP)) to evaluate whether the processing technology could modulate drug release in acidic and neutral media. Multiple characterization techniques (specific surface area (SSA), particle size distribution (PSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) were utilized to evaluate the surface characteristics and differences in particles produced by KinetiSol and spray drying. Molecular interactions and drug–polymer miscibility of the processed particles were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, respectively. In vitro nonsink, pH-shift dissolution in biorelevant media and dissolution/permeation studies were conducted to better understand the release of BI 667 based on processing technology and particle size distribution. Finally, an in vivo male Beagle dog study was conducted to assess the impact of processing technology on oral bioavailability. In this study, we demonstrate that particles produced by KinetiSol have enhanced oral bioavailability compared with spray-dried particles when delivering a weakly basic drug processed with an anionic polymer. The findings of this study demonstrate that by utilizing KinetiSol, drug release may be controlled such that supersaturation in acidic media is inhibited and supersaturation of the drug is designed to occur in neutral media, ultimately enhancing oral bioavailability.