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Download fileSurface Functionalization of Polymer Particles for Cell Targeting by Modifying Emulsifier Chemistry
journal contribution
posted on 2022-03-16, 15:34 authored by Christopher Isely, Kidochukwu J. Atube, Candice V. Cheung, Christine F. Steege, Perry J. Pellechia, R. Michael GowerThe
oil-in-water emulsion/solvent extraction method is used to
fabricate many FDA approved, polymer particle formulations for drug
delivery. However, these formulations do not benefit from surface
functionalization that can be achieved by tuning particle surface
chemistry. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is the emulsifier used for many
FDA approved formulations and remains associated with the particle
surface after fabrication. We hypothesized that the hydroxyl groups
in PVA could be conjugated with biomolecules using isothiocyanate
chemistry and that these modifications would endow the particle surface
with additional functionality. We demonstrate that fluorescein isothiocyanate
and an isothiocyanate derivatized mannose molecule can be covalently
attached to PVA in a one-step reaction. The modified PVA polymers
perform as well as unmodified PVA in acting as an emulsifier for fabrication
of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) particles. Particles
made with fluorescein-modified PVA exhibit fluorescence confined to
the particle surface, while particles made with mannose-modified PVA
bind concanavalin A. In addition, mannose-modified PVA increases particle
association with primary macrophages by threefold. Taken together,
we present a facile method for modifying the surface reactivity of
polymer particles widely used for drug delivery in basic research
and clinical practice. Given that methods are established for conjugating
the isothiocyanate functional group to a wide range of biomolecules,
our approach may enable PVA-based biomaterials to engage a multitude
of biological systems.
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modifications would endowsolvent extraction methodisothiocyanate functional grouppolymer particle formulationsmodifying emulsifier chemistryparticle surfacefacile methodpolymer particleswide rangewater emulsiontaken togethersurface reactivitysurface functionalizationstep reactionremains associatedprimary macrophageshydroxyl groupsfluorescein isothiocyanatedrug deliverycovalently attachedco clinical practicecell targetingbiological systemsbasic researchbased biomaterialsadditional functionality>- glycolide