Scalable Synthesis of SiO_x‑TiON Composite As an Ultrastable Anode for Li-Ion Half/Full Batteries

Among various anode materials, SiO_x is regarded as the next generation of promising anode due to its advantages of high theoretical capacity with 2680 mA h g^–1, low lithium voltage platform, and rich natural resources. However, the pure SiO_x-based materials have slow lithium storage kinetics attributed to their low electron/ion conductive properties and the large volume change during lithiation/delithiation, restricting their practical application. Optimizing the SiO_x material structures and the fabricating methods to mitigate these fatal defects and adapt to the market demand for energy density is critical. Hence, SiO_x material with TiO_1–xN_x phase modification has been prepared by simple, low-cost, and scalable ball milling and then combined with nitridation. Consequently, based on the TiO_1–xN_x modified layer, which boosts high ionic/electronic conductivity, chemical stability, and excellent mechanical properties, the SiO_x@TON-10 electrode shows highly stable lithium-ion storage performance for lithium-ion half/full batteries due to a stable solid–electrolyte interface layer, fast Li⁺ transport channel, and alleviative volumetric expansion, further verifying its practical feasibility and universal applicability.