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Reducing Cost and Environmental Impact of Wastewater Treatment with Denitrifying Methanotrophs, Anammox, and Mainstream Anaerobic Treatment
journal contribution
posted on 2019-10-18, 20:29 authored by Kathryn I. Cogert, Ryan M. Ziels, Mari K.H. WinklerIn
water resource recovery facilities, sidestream biological nitrogen
removal via anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is more energy
and cost efficient than conventional nitrification-denitrification.
However, under mainstream conditions, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB)
out-select anammox bacteria for nitrite produced by ammonium oxidizing
bacteria (AOB). Therefore, nitrite production is the bottleneck in
mainstream anammox nitrogen removal. Nitrate-dependent denitrifying
anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea (n-damo) oxidize methane and reduce
nitrate to nitrite. The nitrite supply challenge in mainstream anammox
implementation could be solved with a microbial community of AOB,
NOB, n-damo, and anammox with methane from anaerobic sludge digestion
or a mainstream anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). The cost and
environmental impact of traditional nitrification/dentrification relative
to AOB/anammox and AOB/anammox/n-damo systems, with and without an
AnMBR, were compared with a stoichiometric model. AnMBR implementation
reduced costs and emission rates at moderate to high nutrient loading
by lowering aeration and sludge handling demands while increasing
methane available for cogeneration. AnMBR/AOB/anammox systems reduced
cost and GHG emission by up to $0.303/d/m3 and 1.72 kg
equiv. CO2/d/m3, respectively, while AnMBR/AOB/anammox/n-damo
systems saw a similar reduction of at least $0.300/d/m3 and 1.65 kg equiv. CO2/d/m3 in addition to
alleviating the necessity to stop nitrification at nitrate, allowing
easier aeration control.
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1.65 kg equivAnMBR implementationnitrogen removalmainstream anammox implementationmethane oxidizing archaeaAOBEnvironmental Impactn-damoMainstream Anaerobic Treatmentsludge digestionmembrane bioreactorNitrate-dependent denitrifyingout-select anammox bacteriaammonium oxidationoxidize methanenitratenitrificationWastewater Treatmentammonium oxidizing bacteriamainstream anammox nitrogen removalNOBDenitrifying Methanotrophswater resource recovery facilitiesemission ratesCOnitrite productionnitrite supply challengemainstream conditionsGHG emissionaeration controlnitrite oxidizing bacteriastoichiometric model1.72 kg equivsludge handling demands
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