Pyridine Derivatives as InsecticidesPart 4: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Insecticidal Activity of Some New Thienylpyridines, Thienylthieno[2,3‑b]pyridines, and Related Heterocyclic Derivatives

The reaction of ethyl 5-cyano-2-methyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-thioxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (1) with 2-chloroacetamide or its N-aryl derivatives gave ethyl 6-((2-amino-2-oxoethyl)thio)-5-cyano-2-methyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl) nicotinate (2a) or its N-aryl derivatives 2b–f, respectively. Cyclization of 2a–f into their isomers 3a–f was carried out by heating in absolute ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium ethoxide. The o-aminoamide 3a was reacted with some aryl aldehydes in refluxing ethanol containing a few drops of conc. HCl to afford the corresponding tetrahydropyrimidinones 4a–d. The cyclocondensation reaction of 3a with some cycloalkanones such as cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone gave the corresponding spiro compounds 5a,b. The crystal structures of compounds 2a and 2d were determined by single-crystal X–ray diffraction techniques. All new compounds were evaluated for their insecticidal activity toward nymphs and adults of Aphis gossypi.