posted on 2023-12-29, 15:05authored bySikandar Aftab, Xin Li, Sajjad Hussain, Muhammad Aslam, Hosameldin Helmy Hegazy, Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh, Ganesh Koyyada, Jae Hong Kim
It
is crucial for early stage medical diagnostics to identify disease
biomarkers at ultralow concentrations. A wide range of analytes can
be identified using low-dimensional materials to build highly sensitive,
targeted, label-free, field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors. Two-dimensional
(2D) materials are preferable for high-performance biosensing because
of their dramatic change in resistivity upon analyte adsorption or
biomarker detection, tunable electronic properties, high surface activities,
adequate stability, and layer-dependent semiconducting properties.
We give a succinct overview of interesting applications for protein
sensing with various architectural styles, such as 2D transition metal
dichalcogenides (TMDs)-based FETs that include carbon nanotubes (CNTs),
graphene (Gr), reduced graphene oxide (rGr), 2D transition-metal carbides
(MXene), and Gr/MXene heterostructures. Because it might enable individuals
to perform better, this review will be an important contribution to
the field of medical science. These achievements demonstrate point-of-care
diagnostics’ abilities to detect biomarkers at ultrahigh performance
levels. A summary of the present opportunities and challenges appears
in the conclusion.