Molecular Details of the PH Domain of ACAP1^BAR‑PH Protein Binding to PIP-Containing Membrane

ACAP1 proteins were previously reported to specifically bind PIP₂-containing cell membranes and form well-structured protein lattices in order to conduct membrane tubulation. We carried out molecular dynamics simulations to characterize orientation of the PH domains with respect to the BAR domains inside the protein dimer. Followed by molecular dynamics simulations, we present a comprehensive orientation analysis of PH domain under different states including unbound and bound with lipids. We have examined two binding pockets on the PH domain and present PMF profiles of the two pockets to account for their preference to PIP₂ lipids. Combining orientation analysis and studies of binding pockets, our simulations results reveal valuable molecular basis for protein–lipid interactions of ACAP1 proteins during membrane remodeling process.