Localized Synthesis of Conductive Copper–Tetracyanoquinodimethane Nanostructures in Ultrasmall Microchambers for Nanoelectronics

In this work, the microfluidic-assisted synthesis of copper-tetracyanoquinodimethane (Cu–TCNQ) nanostructures in an ambient environment is reported for the first time. A two-layer microfluidic device comprising parallel actuated microchambers was used for the synthesis and enabled excellent fluid handling for the continuous and multiple chemical reactions in confined ultrasmall chambers. Different precautions were applied to ensure the reduction state of copper (Cu) for the synthesis of Cu–TCNQ charge-transfer compounds. The localized synthesis of Cu and in situ transformation to Cu–TCNQ complexes in solution were achieved by applying different gas pressures in the control layer. Additionally, various diameters of the Cu–TCNQ nano/microstructures were obtained by adjusting the concentration of the precursors and reaction time. After the synthesis, platinum (Pt) microelectrode arrays, which were aligned at the microchambers, could enable the in situ measurements of the electronic properties of the synthesized nanostructures without further manipulation. The as-prepared Cu–TCNQ wire bundles showed good conductivity and a reversible hysteretic switching effect, which proved the possibility in using them to build advanced nanoelectronics.