Liposome–Quantum Dot Complexes Enable Multiplexed Detection of Attomolar DNAs without Target Amplification

Sensitive detection of DNA usually relies on target amplification approaches such as polymerase chain reaction and rolling circle amplification. Here we describe a new approach for sensitive detection of low-abundance DNA using liposome–quantum dot (QD) complexes and single-particle detection techniques. This assay allows for detection of single-stranded DNA at attomolar concentrations without the involvement of target amplification. Importantly, this strategy can be employed for simultaneous detection of multiple DNA targets.