posted on 2021-12-30, 21:13authored byQi Zuo, Hong Zheng, Pengyi Zhang, Yu Zhang
To
achieve efficient and selective trace heavy metals removal from
drinking water, a low-cost purification material polydopamine/activated
carbon fibers (PDA/H-ACF) was successfully prepared by polymerizing
dopamine on the surface of activated carbon fibers pretreated with
hydrogen peroxide. The morphology, phase, surface functional groups,
specific surface, and pore size distribution of the as-prepared sample
were analyzed using FESEM, XPS, BET and pore size distribution test
(PST), and FTIR, and orthogonal experiments were used to investigate
the influences of concentration of H2O2, pretreatment
time, and reflux temperature on trace lead removal. The results showed
that the sample pretreated under optimized conditions could produce
different pore structures, and the content of functional group −COOH
obviously increased. After further modification by polydopamine, the
contents of −NH–, −NH2, and −OH
functional groups on the surface obviously enhanced, which were beneficial
to increase adsorption site and promote trace lead removal. The effluent
lead concentration decreased from initial 150 to 3.18 ppb within 5
min, meeting the requirement of NSF International Standard/American
National Standard for Drinking Water Treatment Units (NSF/ANSI 53–2020)
(5 ppb). The isothermal adsorption process and adsorption kinetics
could be well-fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order
kinetics model, indicating that the adsorption process of trace lead
by PDA/H-ACF belonged to monolayer and chemical adsorption. Moreover,
the as-prepared PDA/H-ACF also showed superior trace lead adsorption
performance in the presence of high concentration competitive metal
ions, in a wide pH range and in tap water, and therefore had good
application prospect in the field of drinking water purification.