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Fabrication of Nontoxic Reduced Graphene Oxide Protein Nanoframework as Sustained Antimicrobial Coating for Biomedical Application
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posted on 2017-10-20, 00:00 authored by Priyadarshani Choudhary, Thanusu Parandhaman, Baskaran Ramalingam, Natarajan Duraipandy, Manikantan Syamala Kiran, Sujoy K DasBacterial colonization
on medical devices is a major concern in the healthcare industry.
In the present study, we report synthesis of environmental sustainable
reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the large scale through biosynthetic
route and its potential application for antibacterial coating on medical
devices. HRTEM image depicts formation of graphene nanosheet, while
DLS and ζ potential studies reveal that in aqueous medium the
average hydrodynamic size and surface charge of rGO are 4410 ±
116 nm and −25.2 ± 3.2 mV, respectively. The Raman, FTIR,
and XPS data suggest in situ conjugation of protein with rGO. The
as-synthesized rGO protein nanoframework exhibits dose-dependent antibacterial
activity and potential of killing of 94% of Escherichia
coli when treated with 80 μg/mL of rGO for 4
h. The hemolytic and cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that rGO protein
nanoframework is highly biocompatible at the same concentration showing
significant antimicrobial properties. The rGO coated on the glass
surface obtained through covalent bonding exhibits potent antibacterial
activity. Antibacterial mechanism further demonstrates that rGO-protein
nanoframework in dispersed state (rGO solution) exerts bactericidal
effect through physical disruption accompanied by ROS-mediated biochemical
responses. The rGO subsequently entering into the cytoplasm through
the damaged membrane causes metabolic imbalance in the cells. In sharp
contrast, physical damage of the cell membrane is the dominant antibacterial
mechanism of rGO in the immobilized state (rGO coated glass). The
obtained results help indepth understanding of the antibacterial mechanism
of the biosynthesized rGO and a novel way to develop nontoxic antibacterial
coating on medical devices to prevent bacterial infection.
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healthcare industryFTIRAntibacterial mechanismXPS databiosynthetic route4 hreport synthesisas-synthesized rGO protein nanoframework exhibits dose-dependentgraphene oxideDLSrGO-protein nanoframeworksurface chargeSustained Antimicrobial CoatingBiomedical ApplicationNontoxic Reduced Graphene Oxide Protein Nanoframeworkcell membraneEscherichia colihydrodynamic sizemembrane causesrGO protein nanoframeworkHRTEM imagegraphene nanosheetcytotoxicity studiesantimicrobial propertiesglass surfaceindepth understandingnovel wayrGO solutionbactericidal effect
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