Lead
halide perovskites are promising materials for various optoelectronic
device applications such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and
lasers. Three-dimensional perovskites, for example, CH3NH3PbI3 and CsPbBr3, have been demonstrated
to be high-gain active media for low-threshold lasing. In contrast,
layered perovskites, for example, (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2PbI4, are known to be
difficult to show lasing oscillation especially at room temperature,
despite their robustness for the environment. Here we reveal the bottleneck
for the lasing oscillation in layered perovskites through systematic
experiments on time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption.
It is found that the energy transfer to a long-lived exciton state
with triplet nature is enhanced by increasing pumping fluence or by
introducing a high-Q microcavity, hindering the formation of population
inversion. These results are consistent with a coupled rate-equation
model as well as previous works and paves the way for designing low
threshold layered perovskite lasers.