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Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity and Structural Transitions of a Nanofibrillated Cellulose–Nisin Biocomposite Suspension
journal contribution
posted on 2018-05-16, 00:00 authored by Ramon Weishaupt, Lukas Heuberger, Gilberto Siqueira, Beatrice Gutt, Tanja Zimmermann, Katharina Maniura-Weber, Stefan Salentinig, Greta FaccioResistance
to antibiotics has posed a high demand for novel strategies to fight
bacterial infections.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative to conventional
antibiotics. However, their poor solubility in water and sensitivity
to degradation has limited their application. Here, we report the
design of a smart, pH-responsive antimicrobial nanobiocomposite material
based on the AMP nisin and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl-oxidized
nanofibrillated cellulose (TONFC). Morphological transformations of
the nanoscale structure of nisin functionalized-TONFC fibrils were
discovered at pH values between 5.8 and 8.0 using small-angle X-ray
scattering. Complementary ζ potential measurements indicate
that electrostatic attractions between the negatively charged TONFC
surface and the positively charged nisin molecules are responsible
for the integration of nisin. Modification of the pH level or increasing
the ionic strength reduces the nisin binding capacity of TONFC. Biological
evaluation studies using a bioluminescence-based reporter strain of Bacillus subtilis and a clinically relevant strain
of Staphylococcus aureus indicated
a significantly higher antimicrobial activity of the TONFC–nisin
biocomposite compared to the pure nisin against both strains under
physiological pH and ionic strength conditions. The in-depth characterization
of this new class of antimicrobial biocomposite material based on
nanocellulose and nisin may guide the rational design of sustainable
antimicrobial materials.
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Structural TransitionsTONFC surfaceComplementary ζnanoscale structurenisin binding capacitynisin functionalized-TONFC fibrilsBacillus subtilisantimicrobial biocomposite materialStaphylococcus aureusbioluminescence-based reporter strainantimicrobial activityMorphological transformationsAntimicrobial peptidespH-responsive antimicrobial nanobiocomposite materialBiological evaluation studiesantimicrobial materialsEnhanced Antimicrobial ActivitypH levelnovel strategiesnisin moleculespH valuesstrength conditionsAMP nisinsmall-angle X-ray
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