Electronic Functionality Encoded Laser-Induced Graphene for Paper Electronics

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has been utilized as a nonmetallic conductor for the development of various electronics due to its facile, direct, and scalable synthesis process. Here, the graphitization degree of LIG is simply controlled by adjusting the lasing conditions to encode different electronic functionalities such as resistance and capacitance on commercially available papers. The effect of lasing conditions including the number of lasing scans and the lasing power on the graphitization degree of paper-derived LIG is systematically investigated by evaluating the optical, chemical, and electrical properties. The paper-derived LIG with various lasing conditions exhibits a relatively wide sheet resistance range of 61.5 to 9140 Ω sq^–1. The corresponding LIG is used to fabricate resistors and capacitors, and the different electronic functionality encoding is successfully demonstrated by monolithically fabricating nonvolatile read-only memory and resistor-capacitor circuits and verifying the electrical performance of the fabricated devices. This work presents a practical approach to develop paper electronics for cost-effective and environmentally friendly manufacturing.