Electrochemical Deposition of Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures of Copper Hydroxysulfates on Polypyrrole−Polystyrene Sulfonate Films

Copper-based hierarchical micro/nanostructures were prepared using a novel electrochemical route on polypyrrole−polystyrene sulfonate (PPy−PSS) thin films. The resulting structures are composed of copper hydroxysulfates, as confirmed by the electrochemical, spectroscopic, and X-ray diffraction characterization. The electrochemistry of the film is a key factor in the overall deposition of the micro/nanostructures. The PPy−PSS films capture cations from the copper sulfate electrolyte solution and facilitate the reduction of dissolved oxygen to hydroxide ions. The system then acts like a nanoreactor as the Cu²⁺ and OH⁻ ions are concentrated on the polymer surface, which in the presence of the SO₄²⁻ ions from the electrolyte solution results in the electrocrystallization of the copper hydroxysulfates hierarchical structures.