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Effect of Differential Self-Assembly on Mechanochromic Luminescence of Fluorene-Benzothiadiazole-Based Fluorophores
Version 2 2021-09-27, 18:05
Version 1 2017-12-19, 13:39
journal contribution
posted on 2021-09-27, 18:05 authored by Karattu
Chali Naeem, Kadaikkara Neenu, Chakkooth VijayakumarSupramolecular self-assembly is an excellent tool for controlling
the optical and electronic properties of chromophore-based molecular
systems. Herein, we demonstrate how differential self-assembly affects
mechanoresponsive luminescence of fluorene-benzothiadiazole-based
fluorophores. We have synthesized two donor–acceptor–donor-type
conjugated oligomers consisting of fluorene as the donor and benzothiadiazole
as the acceptor. For facile self-assembly, both molecules are end-functionalized
with hydrogen-bonding amide groups. Differential self-assembly was
induced by attaching alkyl chains of different lengths onto the fluorene
moiety: hexyl (FB-C6) and dodecyl (FB-C12). The molecules self-assemble to form well-defined nanostructures
in nonpolar solvents and solvent mixtures. Although their optical
properties in solution are not affected by the alkyl chain length,
significant effects were observed in the self-assembled state, particularly
in the excitation energy migration properties. As a result, remarkable
differences were observed in the mechanochromic luminescence properties
of the molecules. A precise structure–property correlation
is made using UV–visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy,
time-correlated single-photon counting analysis, scanning electron
microscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy.
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scanning electron microscopyphoton counting analysishexyl (< bdodecyl (< bdifferent lengths ontobonding amide groupsattaching alkyl chainsalkyl chain lengthray diffraction spectroscopybased molecular systemsmechanochromic luminescence propertiesmechanochromic luminescencefluorescence spectroscopybased fluorophoreselectronic propertiessolvent mixturessignificant effectsremarkable differencesnonpolar solventsform wellexcellent tooldefined nanostructurescorrelated singleassembled state
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