posted on 2019-09-10, 15:44authored byYingxian Wang, Yuanhui Zhang, Zhidan Liu
Hydrothermal liquefaction
(HTL) allows direct conversion of wet
biomass into biocrude oil, which has comparable energy content to
petroleum. The stability of biocrude oil has significant effects on
the downstream oil-refining and field applications. In this work,
we investigated the physiochemical properties of HTL biocrude oil
converted from Spirulina at different
storage times and environment conditions: temperature (15 and 35 °C),
headspace environment gas (air or N2), and storage duration
(up to 12 weeks). A layer of “oxidation shell” was formed
on top of the biocrude oil during the storage. The rigidity of the
“oxidation shell” and the viscosity of the inner oil
increased significantly when the temperature shifted from 15 to 35
°C. The total acid number of the biocrude oil decreased by 22.6–24%
in an N2 environment but increased by 9.1–10.1%
in air, regardless of the temperature, after long-term storage. Gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed significant
differences among chemical compositions in biocrude oil. Seven aging
pathways were proposed for the physiochemical property transformation
of algal biocrude oil during different storage scenarios. The formation
of the “oxidation shell” was mainly due to the oxidation
and polymerization of phenols and nitrogen-containing compounds, whereas
the aging of the inner biocrude oil was caused by esterification and
polymerization of esters, phenols, ketones, and nitrogen-containing
compounds.