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Characterization of Polymeric Nanomaterials Using Analytical Ultracentrifugation
journal contribution
posted on 2015-06-16, 00:00 authored by Leosveys Diaz, Caroline Peyrot, Kevin J. WilkinsonThe
characterization of nanomaterials represents a complex analytical
challenge due to their dynamic nature (small size, high reactivity,
and instability) and the low concentrations in the environment, often
below typical analytical detection limits. Analytical ultracentrifugation
(AUC) is especially useful for the characterization of small nanoparticles
(1–10 nm), which are often the most problematic for the commonly
used techniques such as electron microscopy or dynamic light scattering.
In this study, small polymeric nanomaterials (allospheres) that are
used commercially to facilitate the distribution of pesticides in
agricultural fields were characterized under a number of environmentally
relevant conditions. Under most of the studied conditions, the allospheres
were shown to have a constant hydrodynamic diameter (dH) of about 7.0 nm. Only small increases in diameter were
observed, either at low pH or very high ionic strength or hardness,
demonstrating their high physicochemical stability (and thus high
mobility in soils). Furthermore, natural organic matter had little
effect on the hydrodynamic diameters of the allospheres. The concentration
of the nanoparticles was an important parameter influencing their
agglomerationresults obtained using dynamic light scattering
at high particle concentrations showed large agglomerate sizes and
significant particle losses through sedimentation, clearly indicating
the importance of characterizing the nanomaterials under environmentally
relevant conditions.
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Keywords
detection limitsagglomerate sizesnanoparticleAnalytical UltracentrifugationThe characterizationphysicochemical stabilityparticle losseselectron microscopyAnalytical ultracentrifugationhydrodynamic diameter7.0 nmPolymeric NanomaterialsAUChydrodynamic diametersallosphereparticle concentrationsnanomaterial
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