posted on 2024-02-22, 15:03authored byNarmin
Hamaamin Hussen, Aso Hameed Hasan, Yar Muhammed FaqiKhedr, Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy, Ajmal R. Bhat, Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs are widely used due
to increasing
widespread infectious diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacterial,
fungal, viral agents, or cancer cells, which are one of the major
causes of mortality globally. Nevertheless, several microorganisms
developed resistance to antibiotics as a result of genetic changes
that have occurred over an extended period. Carbon-based materials,
particularly carbon dots (C-dots), are potential candidates for antibacterial
and anticancer nanomaterials due to their low toxicity, ease of synthesis
and functionalization, high dispersibility in aqueous conditions,
and promising biocompatibility. In this Review, the content is divided
into four sections. The first section concentrates on C-dot structures,
surface functionalization, and morphology. Following that, we summarize
C-dot classifications and preparation methods such as arc discharge,
laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation, and so on. The antimicrobial
applications of C-dots as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral
agents both in vivo and in vitro are discussed. Finally, we thoroughly
examined the anticancer activity displayed by C-dots.