C₂₈ Terpenoids from Lamiaceous Plant Perovskia scrophulariifolia: Their Structures and Anti-neuroinflammatory Activity

Structurally unique C₂₈ terpenoids, perovsfolins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of an Uzbek medicinal plant, Perovskia scrophulariifolia (Lamiaceae). Their chemical structures including an unprecedented 6/8/6/6/6 pentacyclic carbon skeleton with a C₆–C₃ ester moiety were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses aided by density functional theory calculations as well as chemical evidence. Perovsfolin B (2) exhibited an anti-neuroinflammatory activity.