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Download fileBiogenic Sources of Ice Nucleating Particles at the High Arctic Site Villum Research Station
journal contribution
posted on 2019-08-28, 13:38 authored by Tina Šantl-Temkiv, Robert Lange, David Beddows, Urška Rauter, Stephanie Pilgaard, Manuel Dall’Osto, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Andreas Massling, Heike WexThe
radiative balance in the Arctic region is sensitive to in-cloud
processes, which principally depend on atmospheric aerosols, including
ice nucleating particles (INPs). High temperature INPs (active at
≥−15 °C) are common in the Arctic. While laboratory
and limited in situ studies show that the high-temperature
active INPs are associated with bioaerosols and biogenic compounds,
there is still little quantitative insight into the Arctic biogenic
INPs and bioaerosols. We measured concentrations of bioaerosols, bacteria,
and biogenic INPs at the Villum Research Station (VRS, Station Nord)
in a large number of snow (15) and air (51) samples. We found that
INPs active at high subzero temperatures were present both in spring
and summer. Air INP concentrations were higher in summer (18 INP m–3 at ≥−10 °C) than in spring (<4
INP m–3 at ≥−10 °C), when abundant
INPs were found in snowfall (1.4 INP mL–1 at ≥−10
°C). Also, in summer, a significantly higher number of microbial
and bacterial cells were present compared to the spring. A large proportion
(60%–100%) of INPs that were active between −6 °C
and −20 °C could be deactivated by heating to 100 °C,
which was indicative of their predominantly proteinaceous origin.
In addition, there was a significant linear regression between the
summer air concentrations of INPs active at ≥−10 °C
and air concentrations of bacterial-marker-genes (p < 0.0001, R2 = 0.999, n = 6), pointing at bacterial cells as the source of high-temperature
active INPs. In conclusion, the majority of INPs was of proteinaceous,
and possibly of bacterial, origin and was found in air during summer
and in snowfall during springtime.
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Keywords
ice nucleating particlesHigh Arctic Site Villum Research Stationbiogenic INPsin-cloud processesVillum Research Stationbiogenic compoundsair INP concentrationsIce Nucleating Particlessummer air concentrationsair concentrationsVRSproteinaceous originstudies showStation NordArctic regionradiative balanceBiogenic SourcesHigh temperature INPsArctic biogenic INPs