Bioactive Triterpene Saponins from the Roots of Phytolacca americana

Five new triterpene saponins named phytolaccasaponins N-1 (1), N-2 (2), N-3 (3) N-4 (4), and N-5 (5) were isolated from the roots of Phytolacca americana together with seven known triterpene saponins (6−12). The structures of the five new saponins were established as shown in structures 1−5 on the basis of their spectroscopic data. The MDR-reversal activity of 1−12 was evaluated on the basis of the amount of calcein accumulated in MDR human ovarian cancer 2780 AD cells in the presence of each compound. The most effective compound was 8 (155% of control at 25 µg/mL).