A N‑Heterocyclic Carbene-Stabilized Coinage Metal-Chalcogenide Framework with Tunable Optical Properties

A new class of coinage-metal chalcogenide compounds [Au₄M₄(μ₃-E)₄(IPr)₄] (M = Ag, Au; E = S, Se, Te) has been synthesized from the combination of N-heterocyclic carbene-ligated gold­(I) trimethyl­silyl­chalcogenolates [(IPr)­AuESiMe₃] and ligand-supported metal acetates. Phosphorescence is observed from these clusters in glassy 2-methyl­tetra­hydro­furan and in the solid state at 77 K, with emission energies that depend on the selection of metal/chalcogen ion composition. The ability to tune the emission is attributed to electronic transitions of mixed ligand-to-metal-metal-charge-transfer (IPr → AuM₂) and interligand (IPr → E) phosphorescence character, as revealed by time-dependent density functional theory computations.N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been applied as ancillary ligands in the synthesis of luminescent gold­(I) chalcogenide clusters and this approach allows for unprecedented selectivity over the metal and chalcogen ions present within a stable octanuclear framework.