A new tetradentate tripodal ligand (L3) containing sterically bulky imidazolyl groups was
synthesized, where L3 is tris(1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-imidazolylmethyl)amine. Reaction of a bis(μ-hydroxo)dicopper(II) complex, [Cu2(L3)2(OH)2]2+ (1), with H2O2 in acetonitrile at −40 °C generated a (μ-1,1-hydroperoxo)dicopper(II) complex [Cu2(L3)2(OOH)(OH)]2+ (2), which was characterized by various
physicochemical measurements including X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure of 2 revealed that
the complex cation has a Cu2(μ-1,1-OOH)(μ-OH) core and each copper has a square pyramidal structure
having an N3O2 donor set with a weak ligation of a tertiary amine nitrogen in the apex. Consequently, one
pendant arm of L3 in 2 is free from coordination, which produces a hydrophobic cavity around the Cu2(μ-1,1-OOH)(μ-OH) core. The hydrophobic cavity is preserved by hydrogen bondings between the hydroperoxide and the imidazole nitrogen of an uncoordinated pendant arm in one side and the hydroxide and
the imidazole nitrogen of an uncoordinated pendant arm in the other side. The hydrophobic cavity significantly
suppresses the H/D and 16O/18O exchange reactions in 2 compared to that in 1 and stabilizes the Cu2(μ-1,1-OOH)(μ-OH) core against decomposition. Decomposition of 2 in acetonitrile at 0 °C proceeded mainly
via disproportionation of the hydroperoxo ligand and reduction of 2 to [Cu(L3)]+ by hydroperoxo ligand. In
contrast, decomposition of a solid sample of 2 at 60 °C gave a complex having a hydroxylated ligand
[Cu2(L3)(L3-OH)(OH)2]2+ (2-(L3-OH)) as a main product, where L3-OH is an oxidized ligand in which one
of the methylene groups of the pendant arms is hydroxylated. ESI-TOF/MS measurement showed that
complex 2-(L3-OH) is stable in acetonitrile at −40 °C, whereas warming 2-(L3-OH) at room temperature
resulted in the N-dealkylation from L3-OH to give an N-dealkylated ligand, bis(1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-imidazolylmethyl)amine (L2) in ∼80% yield based on 2, and 1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-formylimidazole (Phim-CHO). Isotope labeling experiments confirmed that the oxygen atom in both L3-OH and Phim-CHO come
from OOH. This aliphatic hydroxylation performed by 2 is in marked contrast to the arene hydroxylation
reported for some (μ-1,1-hydroperoxo)dicopper(II) complexes with a xylyl linker.