Solid-State Emissive BODIPY Dyes with Bulky Substituents As Spacers

Bright fluorescence of the BODIPY dyes, just like most other fluorophores, is quenched in the solid state due to reabsorption and self-quenching. However, introduction of bulky tert-butyl substituents on the meso-phenyl groups result in more spaced packing in the solid state, resulting in highly luminescent powders and films.