Selective Double Carbomagnesiation of Internal Alkynes Catalyzed by Iron-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: A Convenient Method to Highly Substituted 1,3-Dienyl Magnesium Reagents

Controlled multicarbometalation of alkynes has been envisaged as an efficient synthetic method for dienyl and polyenyl metal reagents, but an effective catalyst enabling the transformation has remained elusive. Herein, we report that an iron­(II)-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex (IEt₂Me₂)₂FeCl₂ (IEt₂Me₂ = 1,3-diethyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) can serve as a precatalyst for the double carbometalation of internal unsymmetrical alkynes with alkyl Grignard reagents, producing highly substituted 1,3-dienyl magnesium reagents with high regio- and stereoselectivity. Mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of low-coordinate organoiron­(II)-NHC species as the in-cycle intermediates. The strong σ-donating nature of IEt₂Me₂ and its appropriate steric property are thought the key factors endowing the iron-NHC catalyst fine performance.