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Trace Element Mass Flow Rates from U.S. Coal Fired Power Plants
Version 2 2021-05-13, 15:08
Version 1 2019-05-10, 14:41
journal contribution
posted on 2019-05-10, 00:00 authored by Xiaodi Sun, Daniel B. Gingerich, Inês L. Azevedo, Meagan S. MauterTrace elements (TEs) exit coal-fired
power plants (CFPPs) via solid,
liquid, and gaseous waste streams. Estimating the TE concentrations
of these waste streams is essential to selecting pollution controls
and estimating emission reduction benefits. This work introduces a
generalizable mass balance model for estimating TE mass flow rates
in CFPP waste streams and evaluates model accuracy for the U.S. coal
fleet given current data constraints. We stochastically estimate,
using a bootstrapping approach, the 2015 plant-level mass flow rates
of Hg, Se, As, and Cl to solid, liquid, and gas phase waste streams
by combining publicly available data for combusted coal TE concentrations
with estimates of TE partitioning within installed air pollution control
processes. When compared with measured and reported data on TE mass
flow rates, this model generally overestimates masses by 30−50%,
with larger errors for Hg. The partitioning estimates are consistent
for Se, As, and Cl removal from flue gas, but tend to underestimate
Hg removal. While our model is suitable for first-order estimates
of TE mass flows, future work to improve model performance should
focus on collecting and using new data on TE concentrations in the
coal blend, where data quality is the weakest.
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combusted coal TE concentrationsgeneralizable mass balance modelPower Plants Trace elementsTE concentrationsemission reduction benefitsHgtrace Element Mass Flow Ratesair pollution control processesCFPP waste streamsTE mass flow ratesgas phase waste streams2015 plant-level mass flow ratesU.STE mass flowswaste streamsdata
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