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Sustainable Approach for Cellulose Aerogel Preparation from the DBU–CO2 Switchable Solvent
journal contribution
posted on 2019-01-04, 00:00 authored by Kelechukwu
N. Onwukamike, Laurine Lapuyade, Laurence Maillé, Stéphane Grelier, Etienne Grau, Henri Cramail, Michael A.R. MeierWe
report a sustainable and easy approach for the preparation of
cellulose-based aerogels from the DBU–CO2 switchable
solvent system via a solubilization and coagulation approach followed
by freeze-drying. The easy, fast, and mild solubilization step (15
min at 30 °C) allows for a rapid preparation procedure. The effect
of various processing parameters, such as cellulose concentration,
coagulating solvent, and the superbase, on important aerogel characteristics
including density, porosity, pore size, and morphology, were investigated.
Density values obtained ranged between 0.05 and 0.12 g/cm3, with porosity values between 92% and 97%. The morphology of the
obtained cellulose aerogels was studied using scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) showing a random and open large macroporous cellulose network
with pore sizes ranging between 1.1 and 4.5 μm, depending on
the processing conditions. In addition, specific surface areas determined
by N2 adsorption applying the BET equation ranged between
19 and 26 m2/g. The effect of the coagulating solvent and
superbase on the crystallinity was investigated using X-ray diffraction
(XRD) showing an amorphous crystal structure with a broad 2θ
diffraction peak at 20.6°. In addition, no chemical modification
was observed in the prepared aerogels from infrared spectroscopy.
Finally, the recovery and reuse of the solvent system was demonstrated,
thus making the process more sustainable.
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Keywords
morphologycellulose-based aerogelscellulose concentrationcoagulation approachchemical modificationsurface areascellulose aerogelsDBUpreparation procedureXRD4.5 μ mmacroporous cellulose networkprocessing conditionsCellulose Aerogel Preparationaerogel characteristicspore size2θ diffraction peakSEMSustainable Approachscanning electron microscopysuperbasesolubilizationpore sizescrystal structureporosity valuesDensity valuesBET equationN 2 adsorptionprocessing parametersX-ray diffraction
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