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Simulations of Nanoscale Room Temperature Waveguide-Coupled Single-Photon Avalanche Detectors for Silicon Photonic Sensing and Quantum Applications
journal contribution
posted on 2019-11-20, 19:44 authored by R. A. Soref, F. De Leonardis, V. M. N. PassaroPhotonic qubits can represent an ideal choice in quantum
information
science since photons travel at the speed of light and interact weakly
with the environment over long distances. In this context, technological
platforms allowing the development and implementation of chip-scale
integrated photonics represent a possible solution toward scalable
quantum networking schemes. However, at present, most examples of
integrated quantum photonics still require the coupling of light to
external photodetectors operating at very low temperatures. In this
paper, we demonstrate that the GeSn/Si-in-SOI technological platform
can be a good candidate to realize integrated single-photon avalanche
detectors (SPADs), operating at room temperature. Thus, we report
the design and simulation of waveguide-based SPADs for operation at
1550 and 2000 nm wavelengths. We calculate the breakdown voltage,
the dark count rate (DCR), the single photon detection efficiency
(SPDE), the noise equivalent power (NEP), the dark count, and the
afterpulsing probabilities by simulating the avalanche process and
the statistical features in a self-consistent way. The PIPIN SPAD
performance parameters are estimated as a function of the GeSn’s
threading dislocation density and of the temperature. We also demonstrate
that for operation at 1550 and 2000 nm wavelengths with the 220 nm
GeSn separate absorber film centered in the 250 nm high Si waveguide
end, it is possible to cover a number of applications at room or near
room temperature, ranging from ultrasensitive LIDAR to quantum communications,
metrology, sensing, and key distribution.
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photonicplatformSPDEquantum information scienceQuantum Applications Photonic qubitsphoton detection efficiencynoise equivalent powerSi waveguide endsingle-photon avalanche detectorsNEP2000 nm wavelengths220 nm GeSnNanoscale Room Temperature Waveguide-Coupled Single-Photon Avalanche DetectorscountDCRPIPIN SPAD performance parametersLIDARscalable quantum networking schemesroom temperature
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