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Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Hydroxyapatite 3D Honeycomb Scaffolds for a Cellular Microenvironment Adapted to Maxillofacial Bone Reconstruction
journal contribution
posted on 2018-08-20, 00:00 authored by Alejandro Garcia Garcia, Anne Hébraud, Jean-Luc Duval, Corinne R. Wittmer, Ludovic Gaut, Delphine Duprez, Christophe Egles, Fahmi Bedoui, Guy Schlatter, Cecile LegallaisThe elaboration of
biomimetic materials inspired from the specific
structure of native bone is one the main goal of tissue engineering
approaches. To offer the most appropriate environment for bone reconstruction,
we combined electrospinning and electrospraying to elaborate an innovative
scaffold composed of alternating layers of polycaprolactone (PCL)
and hydroxyapatite (HA). In our approach, the electrospun PCL was
shaped into a honeycomb-like structure with an inner diameter of 160
μm, capable of providing bone cells with a 3D environment while
ensuring the material biomechanical strength. After 5 days of culture
without any differentiation factor, the murine embryonic cell line
demonstrated excellent cell viability on contact with the PCL-HA structures
as well as active colonization of the scaffold. The cell differentiation,
as tested by RT-qPCR, revealed a 6-fold increase in the expression
of the RNA of the Bglap involved in bone mineralization as compared
to a classical 2D culture. This differentiation of the cells into
osteoblasts was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase staining of the
scaffold cultivated with the cell lineage. Later on, organotypic cultures
of embryonic bone tissues showed the high capacity of the PCL-HA honeycomb
structure to guide the migration of differentiated bone cells throughout
the cavities and the ridge of the biomaterial, with a colonization
surface twice as big as that of the control. Taken together, our results
indicate that PCL-HA honeycomb structures are biomimetic supports
that promotes in vitro osteocompatibility, osteoconduction, and osteoinduction
and could be suitable for being used for bone reconstruction in complex
situations such as the repair of maxillofacial defects.