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Nanoscale Detection of Intermediate Solid Solutions in Equilibrated LixFePO4 Microcrystals
journal contribution
posted on 2017-11-22, 00:00 authored by Brian
M. May, Young-Sang Yu, Martin V. Holt, Fiona C. Strobridge, Ulrike Boesenberg, Clare P. Grey, Jordi CabanaRedox-driven
phase transformations in solids determine the performance
of lithium-ion batteries, crucial in the technological transition
from fossil fuels. Couplings between chemistry and strain define reversibility
and fatigue of an electrode. The accurate definition of all phases
in the transformation, their energetics, and nanoscale location within
a particle produces fundamental understanding of these couplings needed
to design materials with ultimate performance. Here we demonstrate
that scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy (SXDM) extends our ability
to image battery processes in single particles. In LiFePO4 crystals equilibrated after delithiation, SXDM revealed the existence
of domains of miscibility between LiFePO4 and Li0.6FePO4. These solid solutions are conventionally thought
to be metastable, and were previously undetected by spectromicroscopy.
The observation provides experimental verification of predictions
that the LiFePO4–FePO4 phase diagram
can be altered by coherency strain under certain interfacial orientations.
It enriches our understanding of the interaction between diffusion,
chemistry, and mechanics in solid state transformations.
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scanning X-ray diffraction microscopystate transformationsEquilibrated Li x FePO 4 Microcrystals Redox-driven phase transformationsperformanceLiFePO 4nanoscale locationunderstandingcoherency strainLi 0.6 FePO 4image battery processesNanoscale Detectiondesign materialslithium-ion batteriesLiFePO 4 crystalsSXDM
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