Multimetallic Alloy Nanotubes with Nanoporous Framework

One-dimensional nanotubes (NTs) that consist of multiple metallic components are promising platforms for potential applications, whereas only a few synthetic methods of multimetallic NTs have been reported to date. In the present work, we developed a general synthesis route for the production of uniform multicomponent one-dimensional tubular nanostructures with various combinations of Pt, Pd, and Ag by using ZnO nanowires (NWs) as sacrificial templates. The ZnO NWs serve not only as physical templates but also as nucleation sites for the reduction of metal precursors, and thereby several metal precursors could be reduced simultaneously to produce multimetallic NTs. By using this approach, Pt–Pd, Pt–Ag, and Pd–Ag binary alloy NTs, and even Pt–Pd–Ag ternary alloy NTs could be successfully prepared. The prepared Pt–Pd binary alloy NTs exhibited improved electrocatalytic activity and stability toward ethanol oxidation due to their characteristic tubular morphology with well-interconnected nanoporous framework and synergism between two constituent metals. Furthermore, our approach can facilitate the fabrication of patterned multimetallic NT arrays on solid and flexible substrates with strong mechanical robustness. The present templating method does not require any extra steps to remove templates or additional surfactants which are often required to control the shape of nanostructures. This strategy offers a convenient, versatile, low-cost, and highly valuable approach to the fabrication of multimetallic nanostructures with various components and compositions.