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Metabolomics by Proton High-Resolution Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Tomato Plants Treated with Two Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Trichoderma
journal contribution
posted on 2016-04-18, 00:00 authored by Pierluigi Mazzei, Francesco Vinale, Sheridan
Lois Woo, Alberto Pascale, Matteo Lorito, Alessandro PiccoloTrichoderma fungi release 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (1) and harzianic acid (2)
secondary metabolites to improve plant growth and health
protection. We isolated metabolites 1 and 2 from Trichoderma strains, whose different
concentrations were used to treat seeds of Solanum
lycopersicum. The metabolic profile in the resulting
15 day old tomato leaves was studied by high-resolution magic-angle-spinning
nuclear magnetic resonance (HRMAS NMR) spectroscopy directly on the
whole samples without any preliminary extraction. Principal component
analysis (PCA) of HRMAS NMR showed significantly enhanced acetylcholine
and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content accompanied by variable
amount of amino acids in samples treated with both Trichoderma secondary metabolites. Seed germination
rates, seedling fresh weight, and the metabolome of tomato leaves
were also dependent upon doses of metabolites 1 and 2 treatments. HRMAS NMR spectroscopy was proven to represent
a rapid and reliable technique for evaluating specific changes in
the metabolome of plant leaves and calibrating the best concentration
of bioactive compounds required to stimulate plant growth.