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Host–Guest Complexation of a Lipoic Acid Conjugate of Calix[4]arene with Pyridinium Moiety on Gold Nanorods for Mitochondrial Tracking Followed by Cytotoxicity in HeLa Cells under 633 nm Laser Light
journal contribution
posted on 2018-05-20, 00:00 authored by Rahul Nag, Ravinder Kandi, Chebrolu Pulla RaoA new
1,3-lower rim-lipoic acid appended calix[4]arene (L)
has been synthesized and characterized by different spectral techniques.
Lipoic acid functionality helps L to anchor onto a noble
metal surface, and in the present case these are the gold nanorods
(GNRs). As the conjugate of calix[4]arene acts as a host due to the
presence of its arene cavity, pyridinium containing guests have been
explored to study their complexation, since the pyridinium containing
molecules will accumulate in mitochondria in cells. The host–guest
complexation has been explored in solution by 1H NMR, ESI-MS,
UV–vis, and fluorescence spectral titration studies. The loading
of host and the guest onto the GNR surface has been analyzed by spectroscopy
and microscopy and found that their combination results in nanocomplexation.
The presence of pyridinium functionality on the guest leads to targeted
delivery to mitochondria of GNR nanocomposites as shown by confocal
laser scanning microscopy imaging. The nanocomplex has been studied
for cancer cell imaging and laser-induced cell killing with the help
of plasmonic gold nanorods. When excited at the longitudinal SPR band
of GNRs using laser (λ = 633 nm), cancer cell killing was observed
due to laser-induced cell death. The flow cytometry studies supported
∼97% killing when the GNR-nanocomplex administered HeLa cells
were irradiated under laser light for 10 min, which is a ∼4
fold increase in their cell as compared to the study carried out in
the absence of laser light irradiation, and this has been partly attributed
to the greater internalization of these into cells.
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1 H NMRGNR surfacelaser-induced cellarene cavitycombination resultsESI-MSSPR bandgold nanorods10 minconfocal laser scanning microscopy imagingGold Nanorodshostmetal surfaceflow cytometry studiesPyridinium MoietyUV633 nm Laser LightHeLa cellsMitochondrial Tracking FollowedHeLa CellsguestLipoic acid functionalitylaser light irradiationcancer cell imagingGNR nanocompositesrim-lipoic acidtitration studiespyridinium functionalitylaser lightlaser-induced cell deathplasmonic gold nanorods
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