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Enhanced Chemical Stability, Intestinal Absorption, and Intracellular Antioxidant Activity of Cyanidin-3‑O‑glucoside by Composite Nanogel Encapsulation
journal contribution
posted on 2019-09-10, 14:58 authored by Jin Feng, Yinghui Wu, Lixia Zhang, Ying Li, Songbai Liu, Hua Wang, Chunyang LiA composite
nanogel was developed for cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
(C3G) delivery by combining Maillard reaction and heat
gelation. The starting materials utilized were ovalbumin, dextran,
and pectin. C3G-loaded nanogel was spherical with a diameter of ∼185
nm, which was maintained over a wide range of pH and NaCl concentrations.
The composite nanogel enhanced the chemical stability of C3G under
accelerated degradation models and a simulated gastrointestinal tract.
Clathrin-mediated, caveolae-mediated, and macropinocytosis-related
endocytosis contributed to the higher cellular uptake of nano-C3G
than that of free-C3G. The apparent permeability coefficients of C3G
increased 2.16 times after nanoencapsulation. The transcytosis of
the C3G-bearing nanogel occurred primarily through the clathrin-related
pathway and macropinocytosis and followed the “common recycling
endosomes–endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi complex–basolateral
plasma membrane” route. Moreover, nano-C3G was more efficient
in restoring the viability of cells and activities of endogenous antioxidant
enzymes than free-C3G in oxidative models, which may be attributed
to the former’s high cellular absorption.