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Effects of Camphor Oil Addition to Diesel on the Nanostructures and Oxidative Reactivity of Combustion-Generated Soot
journal contribution
posted on 2019-11-19, 13:33 authored by Pranay
P. Morajkar, Gerardo D. J. Guerrero Peña, Abhijeet Raj, Mirella Elkadi, Ramees K. Rahman, Akshay V. Salkar, Avin Pillay, Tharalekshmy Anjana, Min Suk ChaLess viscous and low cetane (LVLC) fuels have emerged
as the promising
alternative fuels or additives to fossil fuels. Camphor oil is one
such potential LVLC fuel currently under consideration. However, its
sooting propensity and subsequent effects on soot nanostructure, when
blended with diesel, are not well understood. In this work, the effects
of camphor and camphor oil addition to diesel on the sooting propensity,
soot oxidative reactivity, and chemical composition, structural disorders,
and morphology of the soot particles are studied using a diffusion
flame. The chemical and the microstructural changes in soot are investigated
using several experimental techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray
spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman
and electron energy loss spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction,
while the oxidative reactivity is studied using thermogravimetric
analysis. The activation energies for O2-induced soot oxidation
during the initiation stage shows a significant reduction in its value
with the addition of camphor and camphor oil to diesel, which were
220 kJ/mol for diesel soot, 175 kJ/mol for 5% camphor/95% diesel soot,
and 150 kJ/mol for 10% camphor oil/90% diesel soot. The blending of
camphor and camphor oil with diesel results in soot with smaller fringe
length and primary particle diameter but increases the fringe tortuosity,
the degree of crystal disorder, and the amounts of oxygen functionalities
and aliphatics in soot. These physicochemical changes in soot are
used to explain the observed trend of oxidative reactivity. This study
successfully demonstrates the potential of terpenoid keto compounds
with characteristic bicyclic ring structure in improving oxidative
reactivity of combustion derived soots as desired in diesel particulate
filter technologies.
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powder X-ray diffractionsooting propensityCamphor Oil AdditionLVLCenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopydieselbicyclic ring structureterpenoid keto compoundssoot oxidative reactivityresolution transmission electron microscopycamphor oilcamphor oil additionoxidative reactivityelectron energy loss spectroscopy
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