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Differential Role of Serines and Threonines in Intracellular Loop 3 and C‑Terminal Tail of the Histamine H4 Receptor in β‑Arrestin and G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase Interaction, Internalization, and Signaling
journal contribution
posted on 2020-03-23, 19:36 authored by Eléonore
W. E. Verweij, Betty Al Araaj, Wimzy R. Prabhata, Rudi Prihandoko, Saskia Nijmeijer, Andrew B. Tobin, Rob Leurs, Henry F. VischerThe histamine H4 receptor (H4R) activates
Gαi-mediated signaling and recruits β-arrestin2
upon stimulation with histamine. β-Arrestins play a regulatory
role in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by interacting
with phosphorylated serine and threonine residues in the GPCR C-terminal
tail and intracellular loop 3, resulting in receptor desensitization
and internalization. Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer
(BRET)-based biosensors, we show that G protein-coupled receptor kinases
(GRK) 2 and 3 are more quickly recruited to the H4R than
β-arrestin1 and 2 upon agonist stimulation, whereas receptor
internalization dynamics toward early endosomes was slower. Alanine-substitution
revealed that a serine cluster at the distal end of the H4R C-terminal tail is essential for the recruitment of β-arrestin1/2,
and consequently, receptor internalization and desensitization of
G protein-driven extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation
and label-free cellular impedance. In contrast, alanine substitution
of serines and threonines in the intracellular loop 3 of the H4R did not affect β-arrestin2 recruitment and receptor
desensitization, but reduced β-arrestin1 recruitment and internalization.
Hence, β-arrestin recruitment to H4R requires the
putative phosphorylated serine cluster in the H4R C-terminal
tail, whereas putative phosphosites in the intracellular loop 3 have
different effects on β-arrestin1 versus β-arrestin2. Mutation
of these putative phosphosites in either intracellular loop 3 or the
C-terminal tail did not affect the histamine-induced recruitment of
GRK2 and GRK3 but does change the interaction of H4R with
GRK5 and GRK6, respectively. Identification of H4R interactions
with these proteins is a first step in the understanding how this
receptor might be dysregulated in pathophysiological conditions.
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H 4 Rreceptor desensitizationactivates G α iβ- arrestin 2 recruitmentbioluminescence resonance energy transferβ- arrestin 2. Mutationreceptor internalization dynamicsBRETβ- arrestin 1 recruitmentGRKH 4 R C-terminal tailG protein-coupled receptorG protein-driven extracellular-signal-regulated kinaseGPCR C-terminal tailhistamine H 4 receptorintracellular loop 3phosphorylated serine clusterERKG protein-coupled receptor kinasesIntracellular Loop 3G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase InteractionHistamine H 4 Receptorrecruits β- arrestin 2β- arrestin 1β- arrestin recruitmentH 4 R interactions
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