am9b19655_si_001.pdf (1.54 MB)
Dendrite-Free Lithium Anodes Enabled by a Commonly Used Copper Antirusting Agent
journal contribution
posted on 2020-02-04, 22:13 authored by Tuo Kang, Jianghui Zhao, Feng Guo, Lei Zheng, Yayun Mao, Cheng Wang, Yanfei Zhao, Jinghui Zhu, Yejun Qiu, Yanbin Shen, Liwei ChenLi metal is considered
the most promising anode for high energy
density secondary batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and
low redox potential. However, lithium is prone to form dendrites which
will not only cause internal short-circuits but also bring accumulation
of “dead Li” and result in fast capacity decay, thus
its large-scale application is challenging. In this work, we demonstrate
that the commonly used metal corrosion inhibitor, benzotriazole (BTA),
can be used to modify the Cu foil surface and guide homogeneous Li+ plating/stripping due to the lithiophilic nature of the N
atom in the BTA molecule. As a result, the lithium plated on the BTA
modified Cu (BTA-Cu) substrate is free of dendrites, and a Coulombic
efficiency (CE) as high as 99.0% was achieved for Li+ plating/stripping
on the BTA-Cu substrate at a current density of 1 mA/cm2. Furthermore, the BTA-Cu foil can be used as an anode to assemble
an anode-free cell (BTA-Cu∥LFP), and ∼73.3% of the initial
capacity can be obtained after 50 cycles. Last but not the least,
a BTA-Cu@Li electrode prepared by plating of Li+ on the
BTA-Cu substrate can serve as a stable Li anode in a BTA-Cu@Li∥LFP
cell and display an average cycled CE of 98.5% at a depth of discharge
(DOD) of 33%. This simple method of Li+ plating/stripping
behavior regulation could inspire researchers on the development of
highly stable lithium metal anodes for high energy density batteries.